Which term corresponds to the cognitive bias that leads to recalling positive memories more readily than negative ones?

• A. Memory bias
• B. Pollyanna principle
• C. Attention bias
• D. Interpretation bias

Answer: (B)

The main idea here is a memory bias that makes positive memories easier to recall than negative ones. The term that captures this is the Pollyanna principle. Named after the fictional character known for constant optimism, it describes a tendency to remember pleasant experiences more readily, which can color our overall view of the past.

This bias arises during how memories are encoded and retrieved, with positive details often being reinforced and easier to access. In practice, you might vividly recall a compliment or a happy event while negative details fade more quickly, contributing to an overall upbeat recollection of past experiences.

Other biases listed describe different processes—memory bias is a broad umbrella, attention bias concerns what you focus on in the moment, and interpretation bias is about how you interpret ambiguous information. The Pollyanna principle specifically points to memory recall favoring positive over negative memories.